Baizhu (白术) is one of the most important tonic herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), frequently used to strengthen the Spleen, promote digestion, and resolve Dampness. As a member of the “Four Gentlemen” formula (Si Jun Zi Tang), Baizhu is a cornerstone herb for restoring vitality and supporting metabolic function.
This article will explore the traditional uses, energetic properties, clinical applications, and modern findings about this classic TCM herb.
🔶 Botanical and Energetic Profile
- Latin name: Atractylodes macrocephala
- Chinese name: 白术 (Bái Zhú)
- Part used: Dried rhizome
- Taste & Nature: Bitter and sweet, warm in nature
- Meridians entered: Spleen, Stomach
Baizhu is traditionally cultivated in China and harvested in late summer or autumn.
🔶 Traditional Functions of Baizhu
- Tonifies the Spleen and Augments Qi
- Treats fatigue, poor appetite, loose stools, and weak limbs due to Spleen Qi deficiency.
- Dries Dampness and Promotes Water Metabolism
- Used in cases of edema, phlegm-damp retention, or sluggish digestion.
- Stabilizes the Exterior and Stops Sweating
- Useful in chronic spontaneous sweating due to Wei Qi deficiency.
- Calms the Fetus
- Prevents miscarriage from Spleen deficiency, often combined with Huang Qin (Scutellaria).
🔶 Common Formulas with Baizhu
| Formula | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) | Classic formula for Spleen Qi deficiency |
| Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) | For Spleen Qi deficiency with phlegm/dampness |
| Shen Ling Bai Zhu San | Strengthens digestion, stops diarrhea |
| Tai Shan Pan Shi San | Calms fetus and tonifies Qi and Blood |
In these formulas, Baizhu often serves as the primary herb to regulate and support digestive strength.
🔶 Baizhu in Modern Research
Modern pharmacological studies have identified Baizhu’s bioactive compounds, such as atractylenolide I–III, which have shown:
- Immunomodulatory effects — strengthening immune responses
- Anti-inflammatory activity — useful for chronic inflammation
- Gastroprotective actions — protecting the stomach lining
- Antidiarrheal properties — regulating intestinal motility
Its role in enhancing gut function and balancing metabolism echoes TCM’s traditional insights into Spleen health.
🔶 Precautions and Compatibility
- Not recommended for Yin deficiency with Heat signs (e.g., dry mouth, night sweats, red tongue)
- Use cautiously in cases of excess Heat or Qi stagnation without deficiency
- Often paired with Fu Ling (Poria) and Dang Shen (Codonopsis) for balanced action
🔶 Conclusion
Baizhu is a trusted, time-tested herb in the TCM pharmacopeia, valued for its gentle yet powerful ability to restore digestive function, eliminate Dampness, and support the body’s core energy. In modern health contexts—where fatigue, poor digestion, and metabolic imbalances are common—Baizhu’s relevance is greater than ever.
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